1．好词（1）Population explosion/baby boom              （2）Population censu（3）Birth/death rate                            （4）Family planning（5）Suicide bombing                           （6）Dropout students（7）Eliminate illiteracy                      （8）Help those in distress and aid those in peril     （9）Poverty-stricken areas                      （10）Remote and mountain areas（11）Shake off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity（12）Brain drain                               （13）Corruption phenomenon（14）Offer and take bribes                       （15）Embezzle pubic funds（16）Counterfeit certificates                      （17）Counterfeit currency/ID card（18）Credit card fraud                          （19）Fake commodities（20）Vending machine                          （21）Generation gap（22）Couch potato                               （23）Keep a concubine/mistress（24）Casino/gambling                            （25）Go on a diet（26）Well-balanced meals（27）Enjoy banquets using public funds              （28）Bad construction projects（29）Suspend/discontinue a project（30）Welfare-oriented public housing distribution system（31）High-rise apartment building（32）Down payment (by monthly installments)（33）Juvenile delinquency                         （34）Laid-off workers（35）Trial-period（36）On-the-job training/professional training（37）Reemployment project                        （38）U.N. Security Council（39）Government-funded personnel studying abroad（40）Racial/sex discrimination                      （41）Traffic jam/road congestion（42）Drunk driving                               （43）Violation of traffic regulations（44）Hit-and-run accident                          （45）Rush/peak hour（46）Security personnel                           （47）Spokesman for news release（48）Press conference                             （49）Globalization（50）Intellectual property right                        （51）Infringement on the patent right（52）Bid for the Olympic Games                    （53）Sports lottery（54）Live broadcast                               （55）Frozen food（56）Preservation of cultural relics                       （57）Change from temporary to regular worker（58）Body-building exercises                       （59）Bungee jumping（60）Permanent residence certificate                  （61）Euthanasia（62）Drug addition                                （63）AIDS disease（64）Campus violence                             （65）Child abuse（66）Kidnap/blackmail 1.增补(Addition)  in addition另外, furthermor e此外, again, also, besides, moreover此外 , similarly, finally最后  2.比较(Comparison)  in the same way, likewise同样地, similarly, equally, in comparison比较起来, just as同样地  3.对照(Contrast)  whereas然而, in contrast与此相反, on the other hand, instead同样, however然而, nevertheless然而, unlike, even though即使, on the contrary, while  4.因果(Cause and effect)  because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus  5.强调(Emphasis)  certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most imprtant  6.让步(Concession)  although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....  7.例证(Exemplification)  for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.  8.总结(Conclusion)  to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary  9.推断(Inference)  therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise  10.时间和空间(Time and space)  afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of  11.启承转合  1)、启  A proverb says...... At present.......  As the proverb says.... Currently.....  Generally speaking, .... Now,....  In general, ..... On the Whole....  It is clear that.... Recently.....  It is often said that.... Without doubt, .......  2)、承  First(of all), ...... Moreover, .........  Firstly, ............ No one can deny that....  In the first place, ......... Obviously.....  To begin with, ......... Of course, .........  Also, ....... Similarly,.........  At the same time...... Therefore, we should realize that.....  Certainly...... There is no doubt that.......  In addition,..... What`s more, ..........  In fact........ It can be easily proved that...  Meanwhile......  3)、转  But... Still, ......  But the problem is not so simple...  There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to.......  However,  ....... To our surprise,..........  Nevertheless, ........ Unfortunately.......  On the other hand, .......  Yet difference will be found and that is why I feel that........  Others may find this to be true, but I do not. I think.....  4)、合  Above all, In brief, ........  Accordingly, ..... In conclusion, ........  All in all, .......  In other words, it is hard to escape the conclusion that........  As a consequence, ......... In short, .........  As I have shown/said/stated/.... In sum, ........  In summary, ....... As has been noted, ....  Obviously, ......... By so doing, .....  On the whole, ..... Consequently, ........  Presumably, ....... Eventually, .........  To conclude, ...... Finally, ........  To sum up, ..... In a word, ......  To summarize, ......   常用句型：开头： When it comes to ..., some think ... There is a public debate today that ... A is a commen way of ..., but is it a wise one? Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus. 提出观点： Now there is a growing awareness that... It is time we explore the truth of ... Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible. 进一步提出观点： ... but that is only part of the history. Another equally important aspect is ... A is but one of the many effects. Another is ... Besides, other reasons are... 提出假想例子的方式： Suppose that... Just imagine what would be like if... It is reasonable to expect... It is not surprising that... 举普通例子： For example(instance),... ... such as A,B,C and so on (so forth) A good case in point is... A particular example for this is... 引用： One of the greatest early writers said ... "Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ... "......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...). "......". How often we hear such words like there. 讲故事 （先说故事主体）。

this story is not rare. ..., such delimma we often meet in daily life. ..., the story still has a realistic significance.提出原因： There are many reasons for ... Why .... , for one thing,... The answer to this problem involves many factors. Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ... The first reason can be obiviously seen. Most people would agree that... Some people may neglect that in fact ... Others suggest that... Part of the explanation is ... 进行对比： The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages of... Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ... Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned. A maybe ... , but it suffers from the disadvantage that... 承上启下： To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see... A study of ... will make this point clear 让步： Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as... I do not deny that A has its own merits. 结尾： From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that ... In summary, it is wiser ... In short...。